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Tallest buildings [North America]

This lists ranks completed and topped out buildings in the United States that stand at least 300 feet (91 m) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Was the world's tallest building upon completion Rank Name

Image Location Height ft (m) Floors Year Notes 01 !1 One World Trade Center* New York City 40°42′46.45″N 74°0′47.53″W / 40.7129028°N 74.0132028°W / 40.7129028; -74.0132028 01.01,776 (541) 105 2013 Topped out on May 10, 2013 to become the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere and the 4th-tallest building in the world, dubbed the Freedom Tower during planning.[5][6][7][8] 02 !2 Willis Tower[A] Chicago 41°52′43.82″N 87°38′9.73″W / 41.8788389°N 87.6360361°W / 41.8788389; -87.6360361 01.21,451 (442) 110 1974 Formerly known, and still commonly referred to, as the Sears Tower;[9][10] 11th-tallest building in the world, tallest building in Chicago, and tallest completed building in the United States 03 !3 Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago 41°53′19.84″N 87°37′35.18″W / 41.8888444°N 87.6264389°W / 41.8888444; -87.6264389 02.01,389 (423) 92 2009 15th-tallest building in the world; once planned to be the tallest in the world prior to World Trade Center attacks. 04 !4 Empire State Building[A] New York City 40°44′54.47″N 73°59′8.5″W / 40.7484639°N 73.985694°W / 40.7484639; -73.985694 03.01,250[11] (381) 102 1931 22nd-tallest building in the world, tallest completed building in New York City; tallest building in the world from 1931 until 1972; first building in the world to contain over 100 floors; tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the 1930s[12][13] 05 !5 Bank of America Tower New York City 40°45′19.36″N 73°59′3.92″W / 40.7553778°N 73.9844222°W / 40.7553778; -73.9844222 03.11,200 (366) 54 2009 3rd-tallest building in New York City and the 26th-tallest building in the world.[11][14] 06 !6 Aon Center Chicago 41°53′6.79″N 87°37′17.41″W / 41.8852194°N 87.6215028°W / 41.8852194; -87.6215028 04.01,136 (346) 83 1973 30th-tallest building in the world[15][16] 07 !7 John Hancock Center Chicago 41°53′55.61″N 87°37′22.93″W / 41.8987806°N 87.6230361°W / 41.8987806; -87.6230361 05.01,127 (344) 100 1969 34th-tallest building in the world; first trussed-tube building in the world; contains some of the highest residential units in the world; tallest building built in the U.S. in the 1960s[17][18] 08 !8= Chrysler Building[A] New York City 40°45′5.44″N 73°58′31.84″W / 40.7515111°N 73.9755111°W / 40.7515111; -73.9755111 06.01,046 (319) 77 1930 50th-tallest building in the world; tallest man-made structure in the world from 1930 until 1931; First building to be more than 1,000 feet tall; tallest brick building in the world.[19][20] 08 !8= New York Times Building New York City 40°45′21.77″N 73°59′24.21″W / 40.7560472°N 73.9900583°W / 40.7560472; -73.9900583 07.01,046 (319) 52 2007 50th-tallest building in the world, its record is tied with the Chrysler Building[21][22] 10 !10 Bank of America Plaza Atlanta 33°46′14.9″N 84°23′10.75″W / 33.770806°N 84.3863194°W / 33.770806; -84.3863194 08.01,023 (312) 55 1992 53rd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Atlanta and the Southern United States; tallest building located in a state capital; tallest building in the U.S. outside of New York and Chicago; tallest building built in the U.S. in the 1990s[23][24] 11 U.S. Bank Tower Los Angeles 34°3′3.85″N 118°15′16.03″W / 34.0510694°N 118.2544528°W / 34.0510694; -118.2544528 09.01,018 (310) 73 1989 54th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Los Angeles; tallest building in California; tallest building west of the Mississippi River and on the West Coast; tallest building in the world with a helipad on the roof [25][26] 12 Franklin Center Chicago 41°52′49.19″N 87°38′5.23″W / 41.8803306°N 87.6347861°W / 41.8803306; -87.6347861 10.01,007 (307) 60 1989 54th-tallest building in the world. Originally known as the AT&T Corporate Center at its inauguration in 1989, the name was changed after Tishman Speyer acquired the building and the adjacent USG complex in 2004.[27][28] 13 One57 New York City 10.01,004 (306) 75 2013 13 JPMorgan Chase Tower Houston 29°45′34.50″N 95°21′48.44″W / 29.7595833°N 95.3634556°W / 29.7595833; -95.3634556 11.01,002 (305) 75 1982 62nd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Houston and Texas; tallest 5-sided building in the world[29][30] 14 Two Prudential Plaza Chicago 41°53′7.43″N 87°37′21.77″W / 41.8853972°N 87.6227139°W / 41.8853972; -87.6227139 12.0995 (303) 64 1990 66th-tallest building in the world[31][32] 15 Wells Fargo Plaza Houston 29°45′30.17″N 95°22′5.81″W / 29.7583806°N 95.3682806°W / 29.7583806; -95.3682806 13.0992 (302) 71 1983 68th-tallest building in the world[33][34] 16 Four World Trade Center* New York City 40°42′37.36″N 74°0′42.88″W / 40.7103778°N 74.0119111°W / 40.7103778; -74.0119111 03.0977 (297) 72 2013 95th-tallest building in the world, Also known as 150 Greenwich Street[35] 17 Comcast Center Philadelphia 39°57′17.21″N 75°10′6.73″W / 39.9547806°N 75.1685361°W / 39.9547806; -75.1685361 14.0975 (297) 57 2007 96th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Philadelphia; tallest building in Pennsylvania[36][37] 18 311 South Wacker Drive Chicago 41°52′38.78″N 87°38′8.08″W / 41.8774389°N 87.6355778°W / 41.8774389; -87.6355778 15.0961 (293) 65 1990 102nd-tallest building in the world[38][39] 19 70 Pine Street New York City 40°42′22.9″N 74°0′26.67″W / 40.706361°N 74.0074083°W / 40.706361; -74.0074083 16.0952 (290) 66 1932 105th-tallest building in the world[40][41] 20 Key Tower Cleveland 41°30′3.21″N 81°41′37.14″W / 41.5008917°N 81.6936500°W / 41.5008917; -81.6936500 17.0947 (289) 57 1991 107th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Cleveland and Ohio; tallest building in the Midwestern United States outside of Chicago; tallest building in the United States between New York City and Chicago until the 2007 completion of Comcast Center[42][43] 21 One Liberty Place Philadelphia 39°57′9.25″N 75°10′5.21″W / 39.9525694°N 75.1681139°W / 39.9525694; -75.1681139 18.0945 (288) 61 1987 108th-tallest building in the world. First building in Philadelphia constructed taller than Philadelphia City Hall, completed 86 years earlier.[44][45] 22 Columbia Center Seattle 47°36′16.93″N 122°19′50.21″W / 47.6047028°N 122.3306139°W / 47.6047028; -122.3306139 19.0932 (284) 76 1985 113th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Seattle; fourth-tallest building west of the Mississippi River[46] 23 Trump Building !The Trump Building[A] New York City 40°42′25.05″N 74°0′34.73″W / 40.7069583°N 74.0096472°W / 40.7069583; -74.0096472 20.0927 (283) 70 1930 121st-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the world for two months in 1930 until the completion of the Chrysler Building, also known as 40 Wall Street.[47][48] 24 Bank of America Plaza Dallas 32°46′48″N 96°48′14.47″W / 32.78000°N 96.8040194°W / 32.78000; -96.8040194 22.0921 (281) 72 1985 124th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Dallas[49][50] 25 Citigroup Center New York City 40°45′29.98″N 73°58′11.99″W / 40.7583278°N 73.9699972°W / 40.7583278; -73.9699972 22.0915 (279) 59 1977 130th-tallest building in the world.[51][52] 26 Williams Tower Houston 29°44′13.69″N 95°27′40.6″W / 29.7371361°N 95.461278°W / 29.7371361; -95.461278 23.0901 (275) 64 1983 138th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the world located outside of a city's central business district[53][54] 27 Renaissance Tower Dallas 32°46′52.12″N 96°48′6.68″W / 32.7811444°N 96.8018556°W / 32.7811444; -96.8018556 24.0886 (270) 56 1974 145th-tallest building in the world; originally constructed at a height of 710 feet (216 m); rooftop spires were added in 1987, increasing the building's structural height to 886 feet (270 m).[55][56] 28 8 Spruce Street New York City 876 (267) 76 2010 [57][58] 29 !29 Bank of America Corporate Center Charlotte 35°13′37.89″N 80°50′32.24″W / 35.2271917°N 80.8422889°W / 35.2271917; -80.8422889 26.0871 (265) 60 1992 161st-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Charlotte[59][60] and the Carolinas. Tallest building in the Southern United States outside of Atlanta. 30 !30 900 North Michigan Chicago 41°53′58.65″N 87°37′29.46″W / 41.8996250°N 87.6248500°W / 41.8996250; -87.6248500 25.0869 (265) 66 1989 163rd-tallest building in the world[61][62] 31 !31 SunTrust Plaza Atlanta 33°45′45.53″N 84°23′11.48″W / 33.7626472°N 84.3865222°W / 33.7626472; -84.3865222 27.0867 (265) 60 1992 171st-tallest building in the world.[63][64] 32 Trump World Tower New York City 40°45′8.98″N 73°58′4.48″W / 40.7524944°N 73.9679111°W / 40.7524944; -73.9679111 28.0861 (262) 72 2001 175th-tallest building in the world; tallest all residential building in the world from 2000 until 2002[65][66] 33 Water Tower Place Chicago 41°53′52.62″N 87°37′22.86″W / 41.8979500°N 87.6230167°W / 41.8979500; -87.6230167 29.0859 (262) 74 1976 175th-tallest building in the world[67][68] 34 Aon Center Los Angeles 34°2′57.22″N 118°15′25.07″W / 34.0492278°N 118.2569639°W / 34.0492278; -118.2569639 30.0858 (262) 62 1974 180th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the United States west of the Mississippi River from 1974 until 1982[69][70] 35 Transamerica Pyramid San Francisco 37°47′42.4″N 122°24′10.01″W / 37.795111°N 122.4027806°W / 37.795111; -122.4027806 31.0853 (260) 48 1972 188th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in San Francisco; tallest building in the U.S. west of the Mississippi River from 1972 until 1974[71][72] 36 !36= Chase Tower Chicago 41°52′53.59″N 87°37′48.58″W / 41.8815528°N 87.6301611°W / 41.8815528; -87.6301611 32.0850 (259) 60 1969 199th-tallest building in the world[73][74] 37 !36= GE Building New York City 40°45′32.11″N 73°58′45.65″W / 40.7589194°N 73.9793472°W / 40.7589194; -73.9793472 33.0850 (259) 69 1933 199th-tallest building in the world[75][76] 38 Two Liberty Place Philadelphia 39°57′6.07″N 75°10′2.76″W / 39.9516861°N 75.1674333°W / 39.9516861; -75.1674333 34.0848 (258) 58 1990 203rd-tallest building in the world[77][78] 39 !39= Devon Energy Tower Oklahoma City 35°28′0.02″N 97°31′3.47″W / 35.4666722°N 97.5176306°W / 35.4666722; -97.5176306 04.0844 (257) 52 2012 Tallest building in Oklahoma City, Tallest building in Oklahoma, Tallest building in the "Plains States"[79] 40 !39= Park Tower Chicago 41°53′49.19″N 87°37′30.56″W / 41.8969972°N 87.6251556°W / 41.8969972; -87.6251556 35.0844 (257) 67 2000 207th-tallest building in the world[80][81] 41 U.S. Steel Tower Pittsburgh 40°26′28.6″N 79°59′40.79″W / 40.441278°N 79.9946639°W / 40.441278; -79.9946639 36.0841 (256) 64 1970 212nd-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Pittsburgh; largest roof in the world at its height or taller[82][83][84] 42 Chase Tower Indianapolis 39°46′10.59″N 86°9′25.65″W / 39.7696083°N 86.1571250°W / 39.7696083; -86.1571250 37.0830 (253) 49 1990 224th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in Indianapolis; tallest building in the Midwest outside of Chicago and Cleveland[85] 43 One Atlantic Center Atlanta 33°47′13.13″N 84°23′14.63″W / 33.7869806°N 84.3873972°W / 33.7869806; -84.3873972 38.0820 (250) 50 1987 232nd-tallest building in the world, Also known as the IBM Tower.[86][87] 44 !44= Aqua Chicago 41°53′11.01″N 87°37′12.12″W / 41.8863917°N 87.6200333°W / 41.8863917; -87.6200333 38.1819 (250) 82 2009 [88] 45 !44= Legacy and Millennium Park !The Legacy at Millennium Park Chicago 41°52′52.9″N 87°37′32.51″W / 41.881361°N 87.6256972°W / 41.881361; -87.6256972 38.2819 (250) 72 2009 46 CitySpire Center New York City 40°45′50.97″N 73°58′47.11″W / 40.7641583°N 73.9797528°W / 40.7641583; -73.9797528 39.0814 (248) 75 1987 47 One Chase Manhattan Plaza New York City 40°42′28.36″N 74°0′31.81″W / 40.7078778°N 74.0088361°W / 40.7078778; -74.0088361 40.0813 (248) 60 1960 48 Conde Nast Building New York City 40°45′21.37″N 73°59′8.9″W / 40.7559361°N 73.985806°W / 40.7559361; -73.985806 41.0809 (247) 48 1999 Also known as 4 Times Square[89][90] 49 MetLife Building New York City 40°45′12.45″N 73°58′35.49″W / 40.7534583°N 73.9765250°W / 40.7534583; -73.9765250 42.0808 (246) 59 1963 Formerly known as the PanAm Building[91] 50 Bloomberg Tower New York City 40°45′42.06″N 73°58′5.1″W / 40.7616833°N 73.968083°W / 40.7616833; -73.968083 43.0806 (246) 54 2005 51 !51= IDS Tower Minneapolis 44°58′33.6″N 93°16′21.34″W / 44.976000°N 93.2725944°W / 44.976000; -93.2725944 45.0792 (241) 57 1973 Tallest building in Minneapolis[92] 52 !51= Mellon Bank Center Philadelphia 39°57′13.09″N 75°10′10.23″W / 39.9536361°N 75.1695083°W / 39.9536361; -75.1695083 45.1792 (241) 54 1990 53 !51= Woolworth Building[A] New York City 40°42′44.29″N 74°0′28.96″W / 40.7123028°N 74.0080444°W / 40.7123028; -74.0080444 46.0792 (241) 57 1913 Tallest building in the world from 1913 until 1930; tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the 1910s[93][94] 54 Hancock Place Boston 42°20′57.36″N 71°4′30.53″W / 42.3492667°N 71.0751472°W / 42.3492667; -71.0751472 47.0790 (241) 60 1976 Tallest building in Boston and New England; also known as the John Hancock Tower[95][96] 55 Four Seasons Hotel & Tower Miami 25°45′31.03″N 80°11′30.34″W / 25.7586194°N 80.1917611°W / 25.7586194; -80.1917611 48.0789 (240) 64 2003 Tallest building in Miami and Florida[97][98] 56 Comerica Bank Tower Dallas 32°46′53.34″N 96°47′48.16″W / 32.7814833°N 96.7967111°W / 32.7814833; -96.7967111 49.0787 (240) 60 1987 Formerly known as Bank One Center and Chase Center.[99][100] 57 300 North LaSalle Chicago 41°53′17.42″N 87°37′59.12″W / 41.8881722°N 87.6330889°W / 41.8881722; -87.6330889 49.1785 (239) 60 2009 [101][102] 58 Goldman Sachs Tower Jersey City 40°42′47.2″N 74°2′2.52″W / 40.713111°N 74.0340333°W / 40.713111; -74.0340333 50.0781 (238) 42 2003 Tallest building in Jersey City and New Jersey[103][104] 59 Bank of America Center Houston 29°45′39.15″N 95°21′59.51″W / 29.7608750°N 95.3665306°W / 29.7608750; -95.3665306 51.0780 (238) 56 1983 [105][106] 60 555 California Street San Francisco 37°47′31.5″N 122°24′13.68″W / 37.792083°N 122.4038000°W / 37.792083; -122.4038000 52.0779 (237) 52 1969 Tallest building on the West Coast from 1969 to 1972. Renamed from Bank of America Center in 2005. Tallest building constructed in the city in the 1960s.[107][108] 61 One Worldwide Plaza New York City 40°45′43.78″N 73°59′12.19″W / 40.7621611°N 73.9867194°W / 40.7621611; -73.9867194 53.0778 (237) 50 1989 [109] 62 Capella Tower Minneapolis 44°58′34.51″N 93°16′6.82″W / 44.9762528°N 93.2685611°W / 44.9762528; -93.2685611 54.0776 (237) 56 1992 Formerly known as First Bank Place and US Bancorp Tower[110][111] 63 Wells Fargo Center Minneapolis 44°58′36.34″N 93°16′15.09″W / 44.9767611°N 93.2708583°W / 44.9767611; -93.2708583 55.0773 (236) 57 1988 64 !64 1201 Third Avenue Seattle 47°36′25.55″N 122°20′9.85″W / 47.6070972°N 122.3360694°W / 47.6070972; -122.3360694 56.0771 (235) 55 1988 Formerly known as the Washington Mutual Tower[112][113] 65 191 Peachtree Tower Atlanta 33°45′32.45″N 84°23′12.97″W / 33.7590139°N 84.3869361°W / 33.7590139; -84.3869361 57.0770 (235) 50 1991 [114][115] 66 Three First National Plaza Chicago 41°52′56.38″N 87°37′49.62″W / 41.8823278°N 87.6304500°W / 41.8823278; -87.6304500 58.0767 (234) 57 1981 [116][117] 67 !67= Duke Energy Center Charlotte 35°13′26.62″N 80°50′54.39″W / 35.2240611°N 80.8484417°W / 35.2240611; -80.8484417 58.1764 (233) 48 2009 [118][119] 68 !67= Southeast Financial Center Miami 25°46′19.67″N 80°11′16.38″W / 25.7721306°N 80.1878833°W / 25.7721306; -80.1878833 59.0764 (233) 55 1984 [120][121] 69 Heritage Plaza Houston 29°45′31.38″N 95°22′13.59″W / 29.7587167°N 95.3704417°W / 29.7587167; -95.3704417 60.0762 (232) 53 1987 [122][123] 70 Carnegie Hall Tower New York City 40°45′53.41″N 73°58′46.89″W / 40.7648361°N 73.9796917°W / 40.7648361; -73.9796917 61.0757 (231) 60 1991 [124][125] 71 !71= Chicago Title and Trust Center Chicago 41°53′5.49″N 87°37′49.78″W / 41.8848583°N 87.6304944°W / 41.8848583; -87.6304944 62.0756 (230) 50 1992 [126][127] 72 !71= Enterprise Plaza Houston 29°45′27.78″N 95°22′8.65″W / 29.7577167°N 95.3690694°W / 29.7577167; -95.3690694 63.0756 (230) 55 1980 [128][129] 73 383 Madison Avenue New York City 40°45′19.65″N 73°58′35.88″W / 40.7554583°N 73.9766333°W / 40.7554583; -73.9766333 64.0755 (230) 47 2001 Formerly known as the Bear Stearns World Headquarters[130][131] 74 AXA Center New York City 40°45′19.65″N 73°58′35.88″W / 40.7554583°N 73.9766333°W / 40.7554583; -73.9766333 752 (229) 54 1986 [132][133] 75 !75= 1251 Avenue of the Americas New York City 40°45′36.15″N 73°58′53.38″W / 40.7600417°N 73.9814944°W / 40.7600417; -73.9814944 69.0750 (229) 54 1971 [134][135] 76 !75= One Penn Plaza New York City 40°45′5.12″N 73°59′33.68″W / 40.7514222°N 73.9926889°W / 40.7514222; -73.9926889 70.0750 (229) 57 1972 [136][137] 77 !75= Time Warner Center Tower North Tower New York City 40°46′8.05″N 73°58′58.63″W / 40.7689028°N 73.9829528°W / 40.7689028; -73.9829528 70.1750 (229) 55 2004 [138][139] 78 !75= Time Warner Center Tower South Tower New York City 40°46′5.68″N 73°58′58.57″W / 40.7682444°N 73.9829361°W / 40.7682444; -73.9829361 70.2750 (229) 55 2004 [139][140] 79 !75= Two California Plaza Los Angeles 34°3′5.35″N 118°15′5.92″W / 34.0514861°N 118.2516444°W / 34.0514861; -118.2516444 70.3750 (229) 52 1992 [141][142] 80 !80= Gas Company Tower Los Angeles 34°3′0.49″N 118°15′11.59″W / 34.0501361°N 118.2532194°W / 34.0501361; -118.2532194 72.1749 (228) 52 1991 [143][144] 81 !80= Goldman Sachs World Headquarters New York City 40°42′53.17″N 74°0′51.84″W / 40.7147694°N 74.0144000°W / 40.7147694; -74.0144000 72.2749 (228) 44 2009 [145] 82 !80= Prudential Tower Boston 42°20′49.83″N 71°4′57.03″W / 42.3471750°N 71.0825083°W / 42.3471750; -71.0825083 72.3749 (228) 52 1964 Stood as the tallest building in North America outside of New York City upon its completion[146] 83 !83= 60 Wall Street New York City 40°42′22.25″N 74°0′29.94″W / 40.7061806°N 74.0083167°W / 40.7061806; -74.0083167 74.0745 (227) 56 1989 [147] 84 !83= One Astor Plaza New York City 40°45′28.37″N 73°59′11.72″W / 40.7578806°N 73.9865889°W / 40.7578806; -73.9865889 75.0745 (227) 54 1972 [148][149] 85 !83= RSA Battle House Tower Mobile 30°41′35.22″N 88°2′22.83″W / 30.6931167°N 88.0396750°W / 30.6931167; -88.0396750 75.1745 (227) 35 2007 Tallest building in Mobile and Alabama[150][151] 86 !86= Blue Cross Blue Shield Tower Chicago 41°53′5.36″N 87°37′11.58″W / 41.8848222°N 87.6198833°W / 41.8848222; -87.6198833 76.0743 (227) 54 2010 Topped out[152][153] 87 !86= One Liberty Plaza New York City 40°42′34.84″N 74°0′39.25″W / 40.7096778°N 74.0109028°W / 40.7096778; -74.0109028 76.1743 (227) 54 1974 [154][155] 88 !88= 7 World Trade Center New York City 40°42′48.07″N 74°0′43.92″W / 40.7133528°N 74.0122000°W / 40.7133528; -74.0122000 77.0741 (226) 52 2006 [156] 89 !88= 20 Exchange Place New York City 40°42′19.32″N 74°0′34.57″W / 40.7053667°N 74.0096028°W / 40.7053667; -74.0096028 77.1741 (226) 57 1931 [157][158] 90 !88= Centerpoint Energy Plaza Houston 29°45′25.69″N 95°22′5.62″W / 29.7571361°N 95.3682278°W / 29.7571361; -95.3682278 78.0741 (226) 53 1974 [159] 91= Two Union Square Seattle 47°36′36.9″N 122°19′56.33″W / 47.610250°N 122.3323139°W / 47.610250; -122.3323139 80.0740 (226) 56 1989 [160] 92= 200 West Street New York City 40°42′53″N 74°0′51″W / 40.71472°N 74.01417°W / 40.71472; -74.01417 (200 West Street) 80.0740 (226) 44 2010 [160] 93 !93= Bell Atlantic Tower Philadelphia 39°57′19.13″N 75°10′8.61″W / 39.9553139°N 75.1690583°W / 39.9553139; -75.1690583 81.0739 (225) 55 1991 Also known as Verizon Tower[161][162] 94 !94= Three World Financial Center New York City 40°42′48.89″N 74°0′53.23″W / 40.7135806°N 74.0147861°W / 40.7135806; -74.0147861 82.0739 (225) 51 1986 [163][164] 95 JPMorgan Chase Tower Dallas 32°47′15.91″N 96°47′48.14″W / 32.7877528°N 96.7967056°W / 32.7877528; -96.7967056 83.0738 (225) 55 1987 [165][166] 96 !96= Bank of America Plaza Los Angeles 34°3′13.03″N 118°15′11.82″W / 34.0536194°N 118.2532833°W / 34.0536194; -118.2532833 84.0735 (224) 55 1975 [167][168] 97 !96= Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas* Las Vegas 36°8′15.97″N 115°9′33.92″W / 36.1377694°N 115.1594222°W / 36.1377694; -115.1594222 84.1735 (224) 63 2009 Under construction; the Fontainebleau Resort was topped out in early 2009, becoming the tallest building in Las Vegas and Nevada.[169][170] 98 One Museum Park Chicago 41°52′1.63″N 87°37′17.84″W / 41.8671194°N 87.6216222°W / 41.8671194; -87.6216222 85.0734 (224) 62 2009 Tallest all-residential building in Chicago, second-tallest all-residential building in the United States after the Trump World Tower in New York City[171][172] 99 Bertelsmann Building New York City 40°45′29.16″N 73°59′5.04″W / 40.7581000°N 73.9847333°W / 40.7581000; -73.9847333 85.1733 (223) 45 1990 [173] 100 Continental Center One Houston 29°45′18.5″N 95°22′22.19″W / 29.755139°N 95.3728306°W / 29.755139; -95.3728306 86.0732 (223) 53 1984 [174][175] 101 Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center Detroit 42°19′43.82″N 83°2′24.12″W / 42.3288389°N 83.0400333°W / 42.3288389; -83.0400333 87.0727 (222) 70 1977 Tallest all-hotel building in the world upon completion; now stands as the tallest hotel in the Western Hemisphere. Tallest building in Detroit and the State of Michigan.[176][177] 102 !102= 777 Tower Los Angeles 34°2′54.18″N 118°15′40.87″W / 34.0483833°N 118.2613528°W / 34.0483833; -118.2613528 88.0725 (221) 53 1991 [178] 103 !102= Fulbright Tower Houston 29°45′19.52″N 95°21′41.52″W / 29.7554222°N 95.3615333°W / 29.7554222; -95.3615333 90.0725 (221) 52 1982 [179][180] 104 !102= BNY Mellon Center Pittsburgh 40°26′21.98″N 79°59′45.5″W / 40.4394389°N 79.995972°W / 40.4394389; -79.995972 90.1725 (221) 54 1983 [181][182] 105 !102= Olympia Centre Chicago 41°53′47.1″N 87°37′23.78″W / 41.896417°N 87.6232722°W / 41.896417; -87.6232722 89.0725 (221) 63 1986 [183][184] 106 Times Square Tower New York City 40°45′19.82″N 73°59′12.73″W / 40.7555056°N 73.9868694°W / 40.7555056; -73.9868694 90.2724 (221) 49 2004 [185] 107 !107= Wells Fargo Tower Los Angeles 34°3′10.5″N 118°15′6.8″W / 34.052917°N 118.251889°W / 34.052917; -118.251889 90.3723 (220) 54 1982 [186][187] 108 !107= Westin Peachtree Plaza Hotel Atlanta 33°45′33.97″N 84°23′18.45″W / 33.7594361°N 84.3884583°W / 33.7594361; -84.3884583 90.4723 (220) 73 Floors above ground 1973 [188] 109 Seattle Municipal Tower Seattle 47°36′18.33″N 122°19′46.17″W / 47.6050917°N 122.3294917°W / 47.6050917; -122.3294917 90.5722 (220) 62 1990 [189] 110 Fountain Place Dallas 32°47′4.66″N 96°48′9.35″W / 32.7846278°N 96.8025972°W / 32.7846278; -96.8025972 90.6720 (220) 63 1986 [190] 111 Figueroa at Wilshire Los Angeles 34°3′2.69″N 118°15′33.38″W / 34.0507472°N 118.2592722°W / 34.0507472; -118.2592722 90.7717 (219) 53 1990 [191][192] 112 Metropolitan Tower New York City 40°45′52.82″N 73°58′45.65″W / 40.7646722°N 73.9793472°W / 40.7646722; -73.9793472 90.8716 (218) 68 1987 [193][194] 113 !113= One Shell Plaza Houston 29°45′32.86″N 95°22′3.3″W / 29.7591278°N 95.367583°W / 29.7591278; -95.367583 90.9714 (218) 50 1971 [195][196] 114 !113= Republic Plaza Denver 39°44′36.31″N 104°59′19.3″W / 39.7434194°N 104.988694°W / 39.7434194; -104.988694 91.0714 (218) 56 1984 Tallest building in Denver[197][198] 115 Revel Casino Atlantic City 39°21′45.64″N 74°24′55.33″W / 39.3626778°N 74.4153694°W / 39.3626778; -74.4153694 91.05710 (216) 72 2012 Tallest building in Atlantic City [199][200] 116 !116= 500 Fifth Avenue New York City 40°45′14.24″N 73°58′51.76″W / 40.7539556°N 73.9810444°W / 40.7539556; -73.9810444 91.1709 (216) 58 1931 [201] 117 !116= 1801 California Street Denver 39°44′51.46″N 104°59′23.2″W / 39.7476278°N 104.989778°W / 39.7476278; -104.989778 91.2709 (216) 53 1982 [202] 118 !118 Terminal Tower Cleveland 41°29′53.72″N 81°41′37.6″W / 41.4982556°N 81.693778°W / 41.4982556; -81.693778 91.3708 (216) 52 1930 Tallest building in North America outside of New York City until the completion of the Prudential Tower in Boston in 1967[203] 119 JPMorgan Chase World Headquarters New York City 40°45′20.85″N 73°58′31.55″W / 40.7557917°N 73.9754306°W / 40.7557917; -73.9754306 91.4707 (216) 52 1960 [204][205] 120 General Motors Building New York City 40°45′48.23″N 73°58′20.39″W / 40.7633972°N 73.9723306°W / 40.7633972; -73.9723306 91.5705 (215) 50 1968 [206][207] 121 !121= Marquis Miami Miami 25°47′6.51″N 80°11′23.62″W / 25.7851417°N 80.1898944°W / 25.7851417; -80.1898944 91.6700 (213) 63 2008 [208] 122 !121= Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower[A] New York City 40°44′28.54″N 73°59′15.03″W / 40.7412611°N 73.9875083°W / 40.7412611; -73.9875083 91.7700 (213) 50 1909 Tallest building in the world from 1909 until 1913; Tallest building built in the U.S. and the world in the first decade of the 1900s[209][210] * indicates building is still under construction, but has been topped out

How Robin Hoods men really treated the poor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=167IhlXnN2Y/

Time bandits/supreme being http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOzHoJYKMtM/

Town a town, gown in a frown...

Sugar refinery picture]

While in a while is a while while the californian blond is a while... A while perhaps, perhaps a while...

48 Ways of Romantic & Passionate Kissing

48 Ways of Romantic Passionate Kissing,Romantic Ways of Kissing,How to Kiss,Kissing Tips, Kissing Secrets,Best Way to Kiss,48 Ways to Kiss,How to Kiss a Girl,How to Kiss a Boy,Love Kissing Tips,Kissing Advices,Top Ten Kisses,Passionate Kissing Secrets Kissing is an art and a seal of love. So, here we present you with a list of 48 innovative and romantic ways of passionate kissing and all we can say is happy kissing…

1 - ICE KISS Celebrate the first day of winter with an ice kiss. Put an ice cube in your mouth until your mouth becomes cold. Remove the cube, track down your love and plant a kiss that will send chills!

- 2 - ELECTRIC SHOCK KISS The two of you shuffle your feet furiously on carpet. When you both have an electric charge, lean over and slowly aim for each other's lips. With your lips about one-half inch apart, move in even slower until a spark jumps between the two of you. Instantly after this happens, kiss one another...the please us the kiss right after the shock!

- 3 - CAMPING KISS On a beautiful cool night, you and your love crawl into a sleeping bag outside. Cuddle and kiss.

- 4 - REWARD KISS Next time your love performs some disliked home chore like cleaning the bathroom, mowing the lawn, or taking out the garbage, show your appreciation by tucking a candy kiss in a strategic location.

- 5 - POST-IT KISS Use 3M Post-It notes to make a trail through your house that leads to your lips. Put a lipstick print or lip symbol on each note with an arrow pointing to the next note. You, of course, are at the end of the trail with a Post-It note over your lips that says, "LIFT FOR KISS"

- 6 - KISSING IN THE RAIN The next time it rains, grab an umbrella, rain coats, and your love. Then go outside and kiss in the rain. If the spirit of the kiss moves you, remove the umbrella and kiss 'till the two of you are soaked.

- 7 - HERSHEY`S KISSES Prepare a small bag of Hershey`s kisses and slip it into your love's purse, briefcase, or lunchbox. Attach a note that reads "SORRY, I CAN'T BE THERE IN PERSON, BUT THINK OF ME AND DO THE FOLLOWING: Close your eyes and place the candy between your lips. Drop the candy in your mouth and roll it on your tongue until it melts.

- 8 - TRACY AND HEPBURN KISS Make flash cards, and the two of you re-enact the following kissing scene from WOMAN OF THE YEAR (1942): (Reclining face to face on a couch, woman on top.) SAM: Something I've got to get off my chest.TESS: I'm too heavy?SAM: I love you.TESS: Me, too.SAM: Positive.TESS: That's nice. Even when I'm sober?SAM: Even when you're brilliant. (The two of you kiss.)

- 9 - KISSES IN A BALLOON Cut out small red tissue lips, and place them inside an opaque balloon filled with helium (any party store could do this for you) Tie the balloon to your love's chair at dinner. Desert is a shower of kisses delivered by a sharp pin.

- 10 - TOLL KISS Next time you are driving your love somewhere, stop the car before crossing a bridge or going through a tunnel, and say the toll must be paid before you can go any further. Of course, the toll cost in one kiss.

- 11 - MORSE CODE KISS If you know Morse code, great, If not, this is a great way to learn. Find a Morse Code chart. Using long and short kisses, spell out a message to your love and have him or her try to decipher them.

- 12 - KISSING METER KISSES We have parking meters, so why not kissing meters? Turn a box into your own kissing meter and wear it around your neck. Give your love kissing tokens to start your kissing meter. Have an "expired" sign appear when you need another kiss.

- 13 - AUDIO STIMULATION Make a cassette of kissing noises and place in your love's cassette player (walkman, car or home) with a note attached.

- 14 - BREAKFAST IN BED KISS Slip out of bed early and prepare a special "Kissing" breakfast to serve to your love in bed. Pick foods that you can easily pick up and feed to your love. Kiss between bites!

- 15 - STAIRWELL KISS This kiss is to be done at a party or at a gathering with your love. Steal away to a private location like behind a door or tree, or on the stairwell and passionately kiss each other. The risk of being discovered in the act is the key element.

- 16 - SCUBA KISSING Wearing a diving mask and fins, simulate swimming underwater. Snorkel across the room to your love and kiss him or her.

- 17 - EYE TEST KISS Make an eye chart like the ones that you see in a doctor's office where the letters get progressively smaller. Have the chart read, "IF you can read this you are standing close enough to kiss me." Now find your love and give an eye exam.

- 18 - THYMELY KISS Thyme, according to the Greeks, is the herb which makes one irresistible kissable. Prepare a meal for your love using the herb. Moments after the first bite, rush to your love's lips with a passionate kiss. Come up for air, announce the Greeks were right, then rush back with another passionate kiss.

- 19 - SHOPPING LIST KISSES Turn your shopping list into a scorecard the next time the two of you go shopping. The one who finds the item gets credit toward one kiss. Kisses are collected either on delivery to the grocery cart, or later at home.

- 20 - BAD HABIT KISS Offer to stop a bad habit if your love will pay you kisses. For instance, a kiss for each cigarette not smoked, putting the toilet seat down, and/or every phone call kept under three minutes is rewarded with a kiss.

- 21 - CLOUD SHAPE KISS Take your love to the backyard or out in a field: lie down on a blanket, and together inspect cloud formations. When both of you see the same thing, reward each other with a kiss.

- 22 - CHECK KISS With your personal check, make a check out to your love for 1,000 kisses. Tell your love he or she can cash it in any time.

- 23 - TOE KISS Prepare a foot bath for your love at the end of a long day. After the good soak, you towel dry his or her feet, give a massage and seal each toe with a kiss.

- 24 - CHOCOLATE HEART KISSES Buy several boxes of little chocolate hearts that have sayings on them. Pick out all the "KISS ME" hearts and put them in a heart shaped box with the note "REDEEMABLE ANYTIME, day or night!"

- 25 - RENDEZVOUS KISS With a note or phone call, tell your love to meet you at a certain place and time (e.g. park bench, street corner, ice cream stand) for a present. When your love arrives, have a bow stick to your lips.

- 26 - BATH KISS Surprise your love with a kiss while he/she is showering or in the tub. (WARNING: Prepare to get wet)

- 27 - MACHINE GUN KISS In rapid succession, plant 12 quick ones on your lover's lips.

- 28 - KISS-A-THON Passionately kiss your love for at least five minute longer than usual.

- 29 - PINK PANTHER KISS Humming the Pink Panther theme, prowl toward your partner. On the high note, pounce and pucker. Suggestion-wear only pink!

- 30 - THIRST QUENCHER KISS For no reason, stare at your love's mouth while licking your lips as though dying of thirst. Inevitably, your love will ask what you're doing. ANSWER: I want them! I have to have them! I yearn to drink from them! Then ask for a kiss to quench your thirst!

- 31 - GREAT EXPECTATIONS KISS Inform your love one morning that he or she will soon receive a fabulous kiss. Later, call you love with a reminder. When next you see your love, pull out the stops and plant a long, hot, passionate kiss.

- 32 - GOODBYE * 2 KISS Send off your love in the morning with a quick kiss. As your love turns to leave, pull him or her back for a second, more passionate kiss

- 33 - RIDDLE KISS Ask you love to solve the following riddle:I am just two and twoI am warm, I am cold,I am lawful, unlawfulA duty, a faultI am often sold dear,Good for nothing when bought;an extraordinary boon,and a matter of course,and yielding with pleasureWhen taken by force.If your love solves it, ask for a demonstration as proof. If he or she cannot show the answer, of course, the answer is a kiss.

- 34 - KISS MANDATE Command your love to kiss you. Elaborate on the technique you expect (e.g. long and wet, or the way Rhett kissed Scarlett) and where and when you will get it.

- 35 - UNEXPECTED KISS When the two of you are doing the usual, lean over and give your love a sweet kiss on the cheek for no good reason and whisper...I LOVE YOU!

- 36 - POST OFFICE KISS Notify your love you have personal mail to deliver. Pull your love into the nearest dark closet; close the door and play POST OFFICE: No instructions included!

- 37 - KNOCK-KNOCK KISS Stage the following knock-knock joke with your love:KNOCK KNOCKWho is there?KissKiss who?Kiss who? Why me, of course!

- 38 - BEGGAR`S KISS That's right, on your knees with your hands clasped, plead for any kiss you love is humbly willing to give you!

- 39 - TOOTHPASTE KISS Brush your teeth together. When your love's mouth is all sudsy, plant a big wet one on the lips. WARNING: MAKE SURE TOOTHBRUSHES ARE OUT OF THE WAY!

- 40 - PALM KISS Holding your love's chin with your palm, smile and deliver a sweet kiss to his or her lips!

- 41 - 30 KISSES Inform your love that in honor of the 30th of the month, you will kiss him or her 30 times during the day!

- 42 - CAT KISS Rub against your love's legs while meowing and purring. Now that you have your love's attention, touch noses. Playfully paw your love while moving in for a kiss.

- 43 - EYELID KISS While kissing your love, watch for his or her eyes to close. Sweetly place a light kiss on each eyelid. Note: Be careful!

- 44 - EAR KISS Whisper to your love how special he or she is to you, and then seal your message with an ear kiss!

- 45 - VALENTINE KISS Celebrate Valentine's Day with kisses in the shape of a "V" on the face of your lover.

- 46 - FOOTBALL KISS After a pass during a football game, kiss your love.

- 47 - SLEEPING BEAUTY KISS Awaken your love from slumber with a tender kiss on the lips!

- 48 - No-Cal Kiss After dinner, give your love a no-calorie desert...your lips.

Good luck ya'll ...

Losing respect in the western world is not an Englishmans fault... Is it?

Hawaii flag]

Tax for a man is a mans mantra, a mans mantra is his kharma, and a mans respect is his dwelling space, and space is a constitutional commoddity, a trillion dollars of medicine is not a trillion Chinese satellites, foreign laws have not represented everymans entitlement at civilisation, and any management wants prosperity...

Canada's cheap drugs not answer,

FDA warns By Julie Appleby, USA TODAY Cities and states should not encourage people to purchase drugs from other countries, nor should they look to import drugs from places like Canada to relieve their own strapped budgets, the Food and Drug Administration warns. In a strongly worded letter to the California attorney general's office, the FDA this week said any city or state that tried to import drugs from Canada or other countries would likely run afoul of a federal law and would raise public health concerns. "Once you give people the false impression that ordering over the Internet is OK, it opens up a Pandora's box of dangers," says Peter Pitts, the FDA's associate commissioner for external relations. Deficit-laden California requested the FDA's opinion after lawmakers and the state's public employees' health program considered buying lower-cost medications from Canada to save money. A spokesman for the California attorney general said the FDA's letter would be used in drafting a legal opinion for state lawmakers. He would not say what the state would do next. "The attorney general does not believe that the federal law at issue here was designed to protect the artificially high prices charged by pharmaceutical companies," says spokesman Tom Dresslar. "We need to avail ourselves of every possible legal avenue to save taxpayers' money." Massachusetts and other states are considering legislation to make it easier for residents to buy drugs from Canada. Last month, Springfield, Mass., began allowing employees and retirees to buy drugs from Canadian sources, expecting to save up to $9 million a year. The FDA letter and the interest by local governments in purchasing drugs from Canada come as the drug industry tries to clamp down on international pharmacies in Canada — and Canadians themselves debate the effects of the growing sales of drugs to U.S. residents, now estimated at close to $1 billion. There is increasing tension on both sides of the border: • Some Canadians say the international pharmacies are exacerbating a shortage of pharmacists by luring them from government-funded hospitals and clinics. Conversely, the pharmacies are providing clerical and service jobs in some regions. • Medical societies in Canada have condemned as unethical the practice of doctors paid to "co-sign" prescriptions for U.S. patients they have never seen. • Some Canadian pharmacists fear drugmakers may limit supplies to Canada, raise prices or forgo launching new drugs there if foreign sales continue. • U.S. customers — often seniors on fixed incomes — are protesting as American regulators try to clamp down on Canadian sales through legal actions against operators who help Americans purchase drugs via the Internet. They say the services provide drugs to people who otherwise would not be able to afford them.

Sing a song a six pence a pocket full of rye...

Let's Face The Music And Dance

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnfKmNRfLYU

Sending the ability for help, having the ability for thanks, divorce sales and thanks give in...

One mans money is another mans money, money is another mans money, another man is another man, another mans money is another money, is another man another another mans money??? English is English, as the seven seas are as English as they were when they were the seven seas and an Englishman, let another money sent for help be another mans help, for another mans help, is help for another man... Bravo they who say England...An Englishman's money sent for foreign help is a mans money, let it be true and so it is... Thanking the Prime minister for his pathing management and good humanitarian knowledge of those who graciously condon English behaviour...]

Cameron warns of Syria 'morality' .4:36pm Friday 6th September 2013 in National News © Press Association 2014 . . David Cameron adresses a media conference after the G20 summit in St Petersburg, Russia (AP) . ..The world must not "contract out" its morality to the United Nations Security Council by giving permanent members such as Russia the final say on whether military action should be taken against Syria to punish Bashar Assad for using chemical weapons against his own people, David Cameron has warned. Mr Cameron was speaking at the end of an acrimonious summit of the G20 in St Petersburg which exposed stark divisions between host Vladimir Putin and US president Barack Obama, who is seeking Congressional support for punitive strikes. The Russian president - a close ally of Assad - declared that any attack without a UN resolution would "violate the law". And he indicated that he was ready to give further military assistance to the Damascus regime if it comes under attack from the US and France, saying: "Will we help Syria? We will. And we are already helping - we send arms, we co-operate in the economic sphere." Amid heightened tensions about the possible use of force, Russia's Interfax news agency reported the country's navy HQ as saying that a fourth Russian naval vessel is on its way to Syria to join three already in the eastern Mediterranean. Mr Obama was left relatively isolated at the G20 as only France indicated it was ready to join the US in taking military action while Britain, Turkey, Canada and Saudi Arabia voiced support for robust action to respond to the poison gas attack on a Damascus suburb which claimed hundreds of lives on August 21. Mr Obama said there was "a growing recognition that we cannot sit idly by". He announced plans to make an address on Syria from the White House on Tuesday. ..Ads by Google Walk In Showers Discover Our Walk In Shower Range. Request Your Free Brochure Online. bathingsolutions.co.uk/Showers 2014 Annuity Calculator How much income and Lump Sum will Your Annuity provide? Find Out Now! www.compare-annuity.com/Calculator ..But Mr Putin described the use of chemical weapons in Ghouta as a "provocation" by anti-Assad "militants" hoping for support from the outside world, and insisted that military action was opposed not only by the majority of G20 states, but also by a majority of the populations of those countries considering strikes. In a calculated jab at the Prime Minister, Mr Putin listed those backing military action and added: "Mr Cameron is also in favour, but in Britain Parliament was against that. The application of force against a sovereign state can only be in the case of self-defence. Syria does not represent that. Those who act unilaterally violate the law." After the most divisive leaders' summit in the event's five-year history, the G20 concluded with a 27-page official communique which did not use the word "Syria" once, concentrating instead on agreements on boosting economic growth and creating jobs. But 11 members of the group of 20 leading economies - including the UK - issued a joint statement declaring that: "The world cannot wait for endless failed processes that can only lead to increased suffering in Syria and regional instability. We support efforts undertaken by the United States and other countries to reinforce the prohibition on the use of chemical weapons." This week's summit has witnessed renewed strains on the UK-Russia relationship, with Mr Cameron issuing an impassioned rebuttal of the reported description by a Putin aide of Britain as a "small island" whose voice did not carry weight. Mr Putin's chief spokesman denied making the remark, but Downing Street demanded "clarification".

New mexico, Alaska, and, I don't love you anymore letter's...

A bayjhie, a twipe, it's all hyperactive, type of boat afloat...

Classic 1980s Bernard Matthews Norfolk Turkey Bootiful!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5S_lZld-rQE/

Happy at christmas... Merry at christmas...

A yesterday beer is better than a tommorrow beer???

15th amendment picture.

Thing is mam, a juice in the sky is more than a juice in the pie, a pie in the juice is more than a juice in the pie, a lie in the farm is more than a smarm, a smarm in the farm is more than a lie...

A changing America: In 2012, blacks outvoted whites

Susan Page and Paul Overberg, USA TODAY 6:57 p.m. EDT May 8, 2013A Census report on the 2012 election finds that blacks were more likely to vote than whites for the first time. The number of white voters declined by more than 2 million, another first. Voters cast ballots in Columbus, Ohio, on Nov. 6, 2012.(Photo: Michael Kirk Irwin for USA TODAY) Story Highlights For the first time, blacks were more likely to vote than whites in 2012 The actual number of white voters declined, the first time for any racial group Overall, voter turnout was lower than 2004 and 2008, but higher than 1996 and 2000 — President Obama won a second term thanks to record high turnout among black voters and the first-ever decline in the number of white voters, a U.S. Census report released Wednesday shows. For the first time, African Americans were more likely to vote than non-Hispanic whites were: 66.2% of eligible blacks voted, compared with 64.1% of whites. Since the Census Bureau began publishing voting data by race in 1968, whites had voted at higher levels than black. "That's a landmark in American history," says William Frey, a demographer at the Brookings Institution. "And it's pretty clear that black turnout made a huge difference." His analysis of voting data shows that Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney would have won or tied Obama in the popular vote if groups had turned out at the same rates they did in 2004. The voting demographics in November boosted Obama's prospects, but some of the ingredients might not apply in future elections. The re-election campaign by the nation's first African-American president presumably helped energize black voters, although black turnout has been increasing since 1996. And while Romney won the solid support of those whites who voted, he failed to convince some whites to show up at the polls. Besides a lower voting rate, the number of white voters declined in 2012. There were 1.1 million more eligible white voters in 2012 than in 2008, but their total votes cast dropped by more than 2 million — the first time any racial group has shown a decline in net voting since the Census began tracking the issue, in 1996. The nation's fastest-growing ethnic group continued to vote at relatively low levels, reducing their potential political clout. Hispanics swelled from 6.1% of the eligible electorate in 1996 to 10.8% in 2012. But just 48% of Latino citizens voted in 2012, down almost two percentage points from 2008. Their share of the actual vote to 8.4%. Overall, 61.8% of eligible citizens voted, lower than voter turnout in 2004 and 2008 but higher than in 1996 and 2000. The Census report was based on a survey of about 60,000 households taken in November. Unlike the exit polls of voters conducted by news organizations, the Census doesn't ask respondents who they voted for but only whether they voted. "Over the last five presidential elections, the share of voters who were racial or ethnic minorities rose from just over one in six in 1996 to more than one in four in 2012," author Thom File wrote in the report, titled "The Diversifying Electorate." That's a challenge for Republicans, who have struggled to appeal to Hispanics and others who are projected to make up an increasing share of the electorate. Turnout dropped among the younger voters targeted by the Obama campaign. After rising significantly in 2000 and 2004, voting rates among those 18 to 24 years old declined more than seven points in 2012, compared with 2008. Overall, 41.2% of those younger voters went to the polls, compared with 71.9% among seniors, the most nation's most reliable voters. And the gender gap? It was alive and well in 2012. As in every election since 1996, women were more likely to vote than men, this time by about four points. The disparity was especially wide among African-Americans. Black women were almost nine points more likely to vote than black men.

Hey, billy jezmin... A cluck in the sky is better than a duck in the pluck... Sure do rep beppebep beep beep the sheep...

Tammy wynette / Stand by your man http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwBirf4BWew

The Mexican borders vs Davy Crockett...

picture/CIA insectobot




New breaches for them beaches umma follow me some peaches, where them yonders bellows a fine man and them fellows stand a tall where the horses sound their running call...


Yi ha!!!!

Good is the watcher in the liquer store...

Scientists closer to malaria cure

By Felix Greaves in London

Scientists have cured malaria in mice with a single dose of a new drug, the journal Science reports on Friday.

The drug, NITD609, has a new mechanism of action and shows great promise as a treatment for drug-resistant malaria, according to researchers. They say it is effective against the two most common parasites that cause the disease, including the most dangerous, Plasmodium falciparum.

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“The ideal new malaria drug would not just be a modification of existing drugs, but would have entirely novel features and mechanisms of action. NITD609 does,” said Elizabeth Winzeler of the Scripps Research Institute in California, who helped discover the drug.

The compound was identified by an international collaboration of scientists working in a public-private partnership including Novartis, the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and Scripps.

“We’re very excited by the new compound. It has a lot of encouraging features as a drug candidate, including an attractive safety profile and potential treatment in a single oral dose,” said Dr Winzeler. It is also amenable to large-scale manufacturing.

“A single dose cure would go a long way to addressing the unmet medical need in malaria, and we look forward to seeing how this compound performs in clinical trials,” said Rick Davis of the Wellcome Trust, which also funded the work.

The drug was identified as a “hit” after using a robotic screening technique to look for anti-malarial activity in 12,000 different chemicals.

The scientists leading the study used an old-fashioned approach, screening the activity of the drug against whole parasites, rather than the more recently favoured process of using genome data to identify molecular targets.

The discovery has taken less than three years to go from screening to a viable candidate drug for preclinical trials. “That is a turbocharged pace,” said Tim Wells, chief scientist at Medicines for Malaria Venture, writing in Science.

The compound is particularly promising because it is active against parasites resistant to other anti-malarials. Researchers in Cambodia have reported resistance to artemisinin, the best current treatment.

“Malaria remains a scourge,” said Mark Fishman of the Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research. “The parasite has demonstrated a frustrating ability to outwit new medicines, from quinine to today’s unsettling increased tolerance to artemisinin derivatives.”

To learn how the malaria parasite might develop resistance to NITD609, researchers exposed parasites to low levels continuously over several months, to force the development of resistance. They then analysed the newly evolved parasites and discovered that the resistance results from a change in one of the parasite’s genes. Tests also show that the malaria parasite is slow to develop resistance to the new compound.

Further tests in animals are under way and NITD609 could enter early safety tests in humans later this year.

According to World Health Organisation estimates, there are 240m cases of malaria and more than 800,000 deaths from the disease every year.

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